A | E X 间充质干细胞外泌体为妇科疾病带来新选择 熊麻吉 | 文 O E S M O 1960年11月25日，3位多米尼加女性——米拉贝尔三姐妹被杀害。为了纪念这一事件，1981年7月，第一届拉丁美洲女权主义大会宣布把11月25日作为反暴力日。
B | 1993年11月25日，联合国正式发表《消除针对妇女的暴力宣言》。 The decision says the state-level department “will recognize any unborn child with a detectable human heartbeat … as eligible for the Georgia individual income tax dependent exemption,” explaining that the new rule follows from the US Supreme Court’s June ruling in Dobbs vs. Jackson and a US Court of Appeals decision in Sistersong vs. Kemp that was handed down on July 20.,The former overturned the 1973 Roe vs. Wade ruling, removing the federal right to an abortion, and the latter allowed Georgia’s so-called “heartbeat bill,” signed into law in 2019 but blocked by a judge, to take effect.,Beginning on July 20, 2022, taxpayers filing a claim can get a tax exemption of $3,000 per embryo, but may need to provide "relevant medical records or other supporting documents,” the department says.,The Georgia law claims to ban abortions after what it calls a “fetal heartbeat” is detectable, which can be as early as six weeks after conception, when most people don’t yet know that they’re pregnant. However, the situation it describes in that way is not actually a heartbeat, but a series of electrical impulses from a cluster of cells that will eventually grow into the heart’s “pacemaker” if the pregnancy develops normally.,Opponents have said the concept is not scientific and is an attempt to ban abortions at an extremely early time.,Before the high court struck down Roe vs. Wade in June, the 1973 ruling had banned restrictions on abortion access during the first trimester, which typically ends around week 12 of the pregnancy, and only allowed restrictions, but not bans, during the second trimester. However, with those rules now gone, several restrictive laws passed years ago but blocked because they violated the court’s ruling have now been allowed to take effect, as have abortion-banning laws from before the Roe ruling that were never removed from the books, and so-called “trigger laws” written to take effect whenever Roe was overturned.,Thus, according to the law in Georgia, the moment an embryo (it’s not technically a fetus yet) in a pregnant person’s uterus has a detectable series of “pacemaker” electrical signals, it’s officially a person.,However, more liberal areas of the Peach State have vowed to oppose the two court rulings, with district attorneys in the Atlanta area pledging they will “not be using precious tax dollars allocated to this office to pursue prosecutions” under the abortion-restricting law.,In other US states with similar “heartbeat” laws, the effort to extend legal personhood to fetuses and embryos has hit rockier terrain. An Arizona judge blocked a bill on the subject last month, calling it “constitutionally vague.”,Taxation isn’t the only unexpected change caused by the Dobbs ruling: a woman in Texas has tried to argue that her unborn fetus should count as a passenger in her car, allowing her to drive in the high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane on the highway.。11月25日成为联合国指定的“国际消除对女性暴力日”。 （图片来源于网络） 暴力侵害妇女和女童行为是当今世界上最普遍、最持久和最具破坏性的侵犯人权行为之一。
C | 联合国的估计数据显示：全球约有三分之一的女性遭受过身体暴力和/或性暴力，大多数为亲密伴侣所为；15-19岁有亲密关系的少女中近四分之一(24%)遭受过伴侣的身体暴力或性暴力。
D | 据统计，我国近90%的家暴受害者为妇女；24.7%的女性曾遭受配偶辱骂、殴打、恐吓、经济控制等不同形式的家暴；受害人平均遭受35次家暴后才报警。
E | 这种暴力对女性健康的影响可能会持续一生。
F | （图片来源于网络） 如今，女性在社会和家庭中扮演着重要的角色，她们各自在自己的岗位上闪闪发光，她们坚持一切、热爱生活，每个角色都全身心投入完美演绎。而女性特殊的身体构造，导致女性比男性更容易得病。许多疾病对女性和男性都有影响，但有些疾病在女性中的发生率更高，造成这种差异的原因有的是因为生理结构的原因，有的却没有完全明确。
G | 女性高发的疾病大致可以分为三类： 01 生理结构差异仅发生在女性人群的疾病：如乳腺癌、宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌、卵巢癌、阴道炎、子宫肌瘤等。 02 原因不明确，高发于女性人群的疾病：如甲状腺疾病、自身免疫性疾病、骨质疏松症、胆结石、肠易激综合征（IBS）等。 03 某些心理健康问题更偏好女性：如抑郁症、焦虑症、创伤后应激障碍、进食障碍（Eating Disorder）等。
H | 女性生殖系统疾病近年来一直呈大规模上升趋势，2022年全球妇科疾病发病率已达65%以上，而在育龄期妇女中，妇科疾病发病率已超过了70%;全球每年生殖泌尿系统感染的发病数字已达3.33亿人次。 （图片来源于网络） 妇科疾病已成为我国妇女的普遍生理问题，发病率持续上升，且呈现出多年龄层覆盖的趋势。
I | 根据世界卫生组织(WHO)的调查显示，我国有96%以上的已婚妇女患有不同程度的妇科疾病，常见的妇科病发病率在87.6%以上。 // 干细胞外泌体在妇科疾病中的应用前景 ” 近些年来，间充质干细胞来源的外泌体在妇产科领域的基础研究也初露端倪，其在促进子宫内膜修复、治疗早发性卵巢功能不全（premature ovarian insufficiency，POI）和多囊卵巢综合征（polycystic ovary syndrome，PCOS）、辅助压力性尿失禁（stress urinary incontinence，SUI）手术治疗及加速阴道手术创面修复等方面均展现出较大的治疗潜能。 目前有研究显示，基于MSC的细胞治疗可有效逆转子宫内膜纤维化并加速损伤的子宫内膜再生，从而改善宫腔粘连的预后，因而逐渐在宫腔粘连分离术后的多种辅助治疗手段中脱颖而出，但其中的作用机制尚未明确。近期的多项研究结果显示，外泌体能够模拟并发挥MSC的功能，有效促进损伤的子宫内膜修复。 （图片来源于网络） MSC外泌体为女性生殖系统损伤及退行性病变的治疗提供了新的途径，但目前仍然需要更多的基础研究对相关机制进行详尽阐述，以及严密设计的临床试验对其疗效进行审慎验证。
J | 关注家庭暴力，关爱女性健康，保护女性合法权益，营造有利于妇女生存发展的和谐社会环境，是我们每一个人不容推辞的责任。
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